What are injectable weight loss medications I keep hearing about?
This class of drugs is commonly called GLP-1 agonists, which stands for glucagon-like peptide 1. Since 2005, this drug class has been used to treat type 2 diabetes to help improve blood sugar control and has also led to weight loss.
Drugs in the GLP-1 agonists class are generally taken by injection. Typically, the patient administers the shot themselves at home, but this can also be done in a clinic setting. These medications are given daily or weekly and include:
| Drug Name | Brand Name | Frequency |
|---|---|---|
| Dulaglutide | Trulicity | once weekly |
| Exenatide | Byetta | twice daily |
| Semaglutide | Ozempic, Wegovy | once weekly |
| Liraglutide | Victoza, Saxenda | once per day |
| Semaglutide | Rybelsus | taken by mouth once daily |
All of the above injectable medications come in an injection pen. With Wegovy and Trulicity, a needle is already in place, making the injection simple. You press the pen against the appropriate injection site (abdomen or outer thigh) and press the button. With Ozempic, Victoza, Saxenda, and Byetta, you must place a new needle on the device each time.
Which GLP-1 medications are currently approved by the FDA for weight loss?
As of Summer 2023, Wegovy (semaglutide) and Saxenda (liraglutide) are approved for weight loss. Some people use Ozempic (semaglutide) off-label, but insurance won’t cover it unless you have type 2 diabetes, making it expensive out of pocket.
How do these medications work for weight loss?
They slow the movement of food from the stomach into the small intestine, which helps you feel full faster and stay full longer—leading to reduced food intake.
What are side effects to these medications?
Common side effects include upset stomach, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation. Most people tolerate them well, and symptoms typically improve over time. Less common risks include pancreatitis, gallbladder problems, allergic reactions, kidney issues, and possible thyroid tumors including cancer.
How long do I need to take them?
GLP-1 medications are intended for long-term use to support metabolic health. Stopping them suddenly can result in weight regain. Always consult your provider before discontinuing. Maintaining healthy habits is key to long-term success.
Would this be right for me?
These medications are a promising option, but they aren’t right for everyone. Schedule a consultation with an obesity specialist to ensure it’s safe for you. If your insurance doesn’t cover them and cost is an issue, there are alternative medications that may be more affordable and still effective.
